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Constitutional reform in the Philippines, also known as Charter Change or Cha-cha, refers to the political and legal processes needed to amend the current 1987 Constitution of the Philippines. Under the common interpretation of the Constitution, amendments can be proposed by one of three methods: a People's Initiative, a Constituent Assembly or a Constitutional Convention.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=A torrent of cha-cha measures )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Con-ass or Con-con? Arroyo stand sought )〕 A fourth method, by both houses passing a joint concurrent resolution, with a three-fourth supermajority, has been proposed by House Speaker Feliciano Belmonte, Jr. who subsequently submitted to the House of Representatives "Resolution of Both Houses No. 1". This "simple legislation as the means to amend" would require only approval by both Houses voting separately.〔 All proposed amendments regardless of method of proposal would have to be ratified by a majority vote in a national referendum.〔 ==History== There have been five constitutional conventions in Philippine history: * Tejeros Convention (1897) * Malolos Congress (1899) * 1935 Constitutional Convention * 1973 Constitutional Convention * 1987 Constitutional Commission While no amendment to the 1987 Constitution has succeeded, there has been several high-profile attempts. None have reached the ratification by referendum stage. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Constitutional reform in the Philippines」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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